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African Billionaires
Alote Dankote - Nigeria
Aliko Dangote (52), the 463th richest man on the planet. Dangote’s career spans over various industries including trading in sugar, flour milling, salt processing, cement manufacturing, real estate and oil and gas. Net worth: $2.1 billion. Country: Nigeria.
Johann Rupert
Johann Rupert (59) & family, the 421st richest person in the world. Head of his family business, Swiss luxury group Richemont, Rupert also owns Remgro, a local investment holding company. Net worth $2.3 billion. Country: South Africa.
Mohammed Al Moudi
Africa’s Billionaires (No. 1) * Name: Mohammed Al Amoudi * Net Worth: 10 Billion * Origin: Ethiopia
Mohammed Ibrahim
Africa’s Billionaires (No. 10) Name: Mohammed Ibrahim Net Worth: 2.1 Billion Origin: Sudan
Naguib Sawiris
Naguib Sawiris (55), the 374th richest man in the world, heads up Orascom Telecom, one of largest mobile providers in the Middle East, Africa and South Asia. Eldest son of Onsi Sawiris (#3) and brother of Samih Sawiris (#8). Net worth: $2.5 billion. Country: Egypt.
Nassef Sawiris
Nassef Sawiris (48), 127th wealthiest man in the world; took over leadership of Orascom’s construction and fertiliser division in 1998. Youngest son of the Sawiris (#3). Net worth: $5.9 billion. Country: Egypt.
Nikky Oppenheimer
Nicky Oppenheimer & family (64), the 154th richest person in the world, heads of De Beers Diamond mines, the world’s largest diamond producer. Net worth: $5.0 billion. Country: South Africa. Africa’s Billionaires (No. 3)
Onsi Sawiris
Onsi Sawiris (80), the 307th richest man in the world and self-made billionaire is the founder of Egypt’s business empire, Orascom Construction Industries. Net worth: $3.1 billion. Country: Egypt.
After the tsunami disaster in the Indian Ocean basin an Internet based self-screening test was made available in order to facilitate contact with mental health services. Although primarily designed for surviving Swiss tourists as well as relatives and acquaintances of the victims, the screening instrument was open to anyone who felt psychologically affected by this disaster.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influences between self-declared increased substance use in the aftermath of the tsunami disaster, trauma exposure and current PTSD symptoms. One section of the screening covered addiction related behavior. We analyzed the relationship between increased substance use, the level of PTSD symptoms and trauma exposure using multivariable logistic regression with substance use as the dependent variable.
Included in the study were only subjects who reported being residents of Switzerland and the analyses were stratified by gender in order to control for possible socio-cultural or gender differences in the use of psychotropic substances. RESULTS: In women PTSD symptoms and degree of exposure enlarged the odds of increased alcohol, pharmaceuticals and cannabis use significantly. In men the relationship was more specific: PTSD symptoms and degree of exposure only enlarged the odds of increased pharmaceutical consumption significantly. Increases in alcohol, cannabis and tobacco use were only significantly associated with the degree of PTSD symptoms.| Next > |
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